COMMENT ⊗   VALID 00006 PAGES
C REC  PAGE   DESCRIPTION
C00001 00001
C00002 00002	\chcode'173←1 \chcode'176←2 \chcode'44←3 \chcode'26←4
C00007 00003	\:@←cmathx[fnt,dek] \:a←cmr10[fnt,dek] \:b←cmr9[fnt,dek] \:c←cmr8[fnt,dek]
C00011 00004	\def\tpage{F} \def\rhead{} \def\frstx{F} \def\csec{} \def\chd{} % "global variables"
C00014 00005	\def\quoteformat#1 author#2{\baselineskip 11pt \def\rm{\:>} \def\sl{\:?}
C00018 00006	\def\blackslug{\hjust{\hskip 1pt \vrule width 4pt height 6pt depth 1.5pt
C00020 ENDMK
C⊗;
\chcode'173←1 \chcode'176←2 \chcode'44←3 \chcode'26←4
\chcode'45←5 \chcode'43←6 \chcode'136←7 \chcode 1←8

\def\lft#1{#1\hfill}
\def\ctr#1{\hfill#1\hfill}
\def\rt#1{\hfill#1}
\def\top#1{#1\vfill}
\def\mid#1{\vfill#1\vfill}
\def\bot#1{\vfill#1}

\def\rjustline#1{\hjust to size{\hfill#1}}
\def\ctrline#1{\hjust to size{\hfill#1\hfill}}

\def\trace{\chpar0←}
\trace '301 % shows "overfull boxes"
\def\jpar{\chpar1←}
\chpar2←50 % this will probably become standard for hyphenation
\chpar6←95 \chpar7←50 % likewise

\def\log{\mathop{\char'154\char'157\char'147}\limitswitch}
\def\lg{\mathop{\char'154\char'147}\limitswitch}
\def\ln{\mathop{\char'154\char'156}\limitswitch}
\def\lim{\mathop{\char'154\char'151\char'155}}
\def\limsup{\mathop{\char'154\char'151\char'155\,\char'163\char'165\char'160}}
\def\liminf{\mathop{\char'154\char'151\char'155\,\char'151\char'156\char'146}}
\def\sin{\mathop{\char'163\char'151\char'156}\limitswitch}
\def\cos{\mathop{\char'143\char'157\char'163}\limitswitch}
\def\tan{\mathop{\char'164\char'141\char'156}\limitswitch}
\def\cot{\mathop{\char'143\char'157\char'164}\limitswitch}
\def\sec{\mathop{\char'163\char'145\char'143}\limitswitch}
\def\csc{\mathop{\char'143\char'163\char'143}\limitswitch}
\def\max{\mathop{\char'155\char'141\char'170}}
\def\min{\mathop{\char'155\char'151\char'156}}
\def\sup{\mathop{\char'163\char'165\char'160}}
\def\inf{\mathop{\char'151\char'156\char'146}}
\def\det{\mathop{\char'144\char'145\char'164}}
\def\exp{\mathop{\char'145\char'170\char'160}}
\def\Pr{\mathop{\char'120\char'162}}
\def\gcd{\mathop{\char'147\char'143\char'144}}

\def\ldots{{.\≥.\≥.}}
\def\cdots{{\char'401\≥\char'401\≥\char'401}}
\def\ldotss{{.\≥.\≥.\≥}}
\def\cdotss{\cdots\≥}
\def\ldotsm{{\≥.\≥.\≥.\≥}}

\def\leftset{\mathopen{\{\,}}
\def\rightset{\mathclose{\,\}}}

\def\neqv{\mathrel{\not≡}}

\def\%{\char'45 }	% Note, the space after 45 is needed!
\def\bslash{\char'476617 }
\def\deg{↑{\hjust{\hskip-1pt\:u\char5}}}

\def\choose{\comb()}

\def\mod{\<\,\mathbin{\char'155\char'157\char'144}\<\,}
\def\modulo#1{\penalty0\;(\char'155\char'157\char'144\char'165\char'154\char'157
	\,\,#1)}

\def\eqalign#1{\vcenter{\halign{\hfill$\dispstyle{##}$⊗$\dispstyle{\;##}$\hfill
\cr#1}}}
\def\eqalignno#1{\vjust{\tabskip 0pt plus 1000pt minus 1000pt
   \halign to size{\hfill$\dispstyle{##}$\tabskip 0pt
   ⊗$\dispstyle{\;##}$\hfill\tabskip 0 pt plus 1000pt minus 1000pt
   ⊗\hfill$ ##$\tabskip 0pt\cr#1}}}
\def\null{\hjust{}}
\def\twoline#1#2#3{\halign{\hjust to size{##}\cr\quad$\dispstyle{#1}$\hfill\cr
\noalign{\penalty 1000\vskip#2}\hfill$\dispstyle{#3}$\quad\cr}}

\def\chop#1#2{\hjust{\lower#1\null\vjust{\hjust{\lower100pt\hjust{\raise100pt
\hjust{$\dispstyle{#2}$}}}\vskip-100pt}}} % pretends that #2 is #1 deep
\def\ssqrt#1{\sqrt{\chop{9pt}#1}}
\:@←cmathx[fnt,dek] \:a←cmr10[fnt,dek] \:b←cmr9[fnt,dek] \:c←cmr8[fnt,dek]
\:d←cmr7[fnt,dek]   \:e←cmr6[fnt,dek]  \:f←cmr5[fnt,dek] \:g←cmi10[fnt,dek]
\:h←cmi9[fnt,dek]   \:i←cmi8[fnt,dek]  \:j←cmi7[fnt,dek] \:k←cmi6[fnt,dek]
\:l←cmi5[fnt,dek]   \:m←cmsc10[fnt,dek] \:n←cms10[fnt,dek] \:o←cms9[fnt,dek]
\:p←cms8[fnt,dek]  \:q←cmb10[fnt,dek] \:r←cmb9[fnt,dek] \:s←cmb8[fnt,dek]
\:t←cmtt[fnt,dek]   \:u←cmsy10[fnt,dek] \:v←cmsy9[fnt,dek] \:w←cmsy8[fnt,dek]
\:x←cmsy7[fnt,dek]  \:y←cmsy6[fnt,dek] \:z←cmsy5[fnt,dek] \:;←cmtitl[fnt,dek]
\:<←cmssb[fnt,dek]  \:=←cmss12[fnt,dek] \:>←cmss8[fnt,dek] \:?←cmsss8[fnt,dek]

\hsize 29pc \vsize 45pc \maxdepth 2pt \parindent 19pt
\parskip 0pt plus 1 pt \lineskip 1pt
\topskip 24pt plus 6pt minus 10pt  \botskip 3pt plus 6pt
\def\tenpoint{\baselineskip 12pt \dispskip 12pt plus 3pt minus 9pt
	\dispaskip 0pt plus 3pt \dispbskip 7pt plus 3pt minus 4pt
	\def\rm{\:a} \def\sl{\:n} \def\bf{\:q} \def\it{\:g}
	\def\biglp{\mathopen{\vcenter{\hjust{\:@\char'0}}}}
	\def\bigrp{\mathclose{\vcenter{\hjust{\:@\char'1}}}}
	\def\9{\hskip 5pt}
	\mathrm adf \mathit gjl \mathsy uxz \rm}
\def\ninepoint{\baselineskip 11pt \dispskip 11pt plus 3pt minus 8pt
	\dispaskip 0pt plus 3pt \dispbskip 6pt plus 3pt minus 3pt
	\def\rm{\:b} \def\sl{\:o} \def\bf{\:r} \def\it{\:h}
	\def\biglp{\mathopen{\hjust{\:a(}}}
	\def\bigrp{\mathclose{\hjust{\:a)}}}
	\def\9{\hskip 4.5pt}
	\mathrm bef \mathit hkl \mathsy vyz \rm}
\def\eightpoint{\baselineskip 9pt \dispskip 9pt plus 3pt minus 7pt
	\dispaskip 0pt plus 3pt \dispbskip 5pt plus 3pt minus 2pt
	\def\rm{\:c} \def\sl{\:p} \def\bf{\:s} \def\it{\:i}
	\def\biglp{\mathopen{\hjust{\:a(}}}
	\def\bigrp{\mathclose{\hjust{\:a)}}}
	\def\9{\hskip 4pt}
	\mathrm cef \mathit ikl \mathsy wyz \rm}
\mathex @  \def\tt{\:t}
\def\bigglp{\mathopen{\vcenter{\hjust{\:@\char'22}}}}
\def\biggrp{\mathclose{\vcenter{\hjust{\:@\char'23}}}}
\def\biggglp{\mathopen{\vcenter{\hjust{\:@\char'40}}}}
\def\bigggrp{\mathclose{\vcenter{\hjust{\:@\char'41}}}}

\def\quad{\hskip 10pt}
\def\qquad{\hskip 20pt}
\def\xskip{\hskip 10pt plus 7pt minus 7pt}
\def\yskip{\penalty-50\vskip 3pt plus 6pt minus 2pt}
\def\yyskip{\penalty-100\vskip 6pt plus 12pt minus 4pt}
\def\sectionskip{\penalty-200\vskip 24pt plus 12pt minus 6pt}

\def\textindent#1{\noindent\hjust to 19pt{\hskip 0pt plus 1000pt minus 1000pt#1\ 
\!}}
\def\hang{\hangindent 19pt}
\def\tpage{F} \def\rhead{} \def\frstx{F} \def\csec{} \def\chd{} % "global variables"
\def\titlepage{\gdef\tpage{T}}   % \titlepage sets tpage to T
\def\runninglefthead#1{\gdef\rhead{\:m#1}} %\runninglefthead sets rhead
\def\acpmark#1#2{\mark
	{\ifeven{\hjust to .45 in{\:a\cpage\hfill}\rhead\hfill\:a#2}
	\else{\:a\csec\hfill\:m#1\hjust to .45 in{\:a\hfill\cpage}}}}
\def\runningrighthead#1 section#2{\acpmark{\chd}{#2}
	\gdef\csec{#2} \gdef\chd{#1}} %\runningrighthead sets csec and chd
\output{\baselineskip 0pt\lineskip0pt	% beginning of output routine, resets skips
	\vjust to 50pc{         % prepare the full page of this fixed height
	\if T\tpage		% the next is used when tpage is "T" (title pages)
		{\gdef\tpage{F} % reset tpage
		\vskip 24pt	% blank space in place of headlines
		\page		% insert the page contents
		\hjust{}	% empty line to position next baseline
		\baselineskip 12pt % extra space before the page number
		\ctrline{\:c\cpage}} % "drop folio", the page number in 8pt type
	\else{\baselineskip 12pt \hjust{} % empty line to position next baseline
		\hjust to size{\ifeven{\topmark}\else{\botmark}}
		\hjust{}	% empty line whose baseline is exactly 24pt from top
		\page}		% insert the page contents
	\vfill}			% completion of the \vjust
	\advcpage}		% increase page number by 1 and end output routine
\def\corners{\vjust to 0pt{\lineskip 0pt \vskip -24pt
	\hjust to size{\vrule height .2pt width 11pt \hfill \vrule width 11pt}
	\hjust to size{\vrule height 11pt width .2pt \hfill \vrule width .2pt}
	\vfill}}		% this will indicate true top corners on title page
\def\quoteformat#1 author#2{\baselineskip 11pt \def\rm{\:>} \def\sl{\:?}
	\vskip 6pt plus 2pt minus 2pt
	{\sl\halign{\rjustline{##}\cr#1}}
	\vskip 6pt plus 2pt minus 2pt
	\rm\rjustline{---#2}
	\vskip 8pt plus 4pt minus 2pt}
\def\tablehead#1{\ctrline{\:<#1}\ninepoint}
\def\sectionbegin#1{\hjust{\:<#1}
	\penalty 1000 \vskip 6pt plus 3pt
	\acpmark{\chd}{\csec}
	\noindent\tenpoint\!}
\def\subsectionbegin#1{\yyskip\noindent
	{\bf#1.}\tenpoint\xskip\!}
\def\majorsubsectionbegin#1{\yyskip
	\acpmark{\chd}{\csec}
	\noindent{\bf#1.}\tenpoint\xskip\!}
\def\exbegin#1{\sectionskip
	\hjust{\:<#1}
	\penalty 1000 \vskip 11pt plus 6pt minus 6pt
	\gdef\frstx{T}
	\ninepoint}
\def\ansbegin#1{\runningrighthead{ANSWERS TO EXERCISES} section{#1}
	\sectionskip
	\hjust{\:<SECTION #1}
	\penalty 1000 \vskip 11pt plus 6pt minus 6pt
	\acpmark{\chd}{\csec}
	\gdef\frstx{T}
	\ninepoint}
\def\algbegin#1(#2). {\yyskip\noindent
	{\bf #1}({\sl#2\/}){\bf.}\xskip}
\def\thbegin#1. {\yyskip\noindent
	{\bf#1.}\xskip}
\def\proofbegin{\penalty25\vskip 6pt plus 12pt minus 4pt\noindent{\sl Proof.}\xskip}

\def\exno #1. [#2]{\par\if T\frstx{\gdef\frstx{F}}\else{\penalty-200}
	\vskip 3pt plus 6pt minus 1pt
	\textindent{\bf#1.}[{\it#2\/}]\hjust{ }}
\def\trexno #1. [#2]{\par\if T\frstx{\gdef\frstx{F}}\else{\penalty-200}
	\vskip 3pt plus 6pt minus 1pt
	\noindent\hjust to 19pt{\hskip-3.5pt\:@\char'170\hfill
		\bf#1. }[{\it#2\/}]\hjust{ }}
\def\anskip{\par\if T\frstx{\gdef\frstx{F}}\else{\penalty-200}
	\vskip 3pt plus 6pt minus 1pt}
\def\ansno #1. {\par\if T\frstx{\gdef\frstx{F}}\else{\penalty-200}
	\vskip 3pt plus 6pt minus 1pt
	\textindent{\bf#1.}}
\def\ansnos #1,#2. {\par\if T\frstx{\gdef\frstx{F}}\else{\penalty-200}
	\vskip 3pt plus 6pt minus 1pt
	\textindent{\bf#1,}{\bf#2. }}
\def\algstep #1. [#2]{\par\yskip \hang
	\textindent{\bf#1.}[#2]\xskip\!}

\def\caption Fig. #1.{\ninepoint{\bf Fig. #1.}\xskip\!}
\def\footnote#1#2{#1\botinsert{\hrule width 5pc
	\vskip 3pt \baselineskip 9pt\hjust to size{\eightpoint#1#2\hfill}}}

\def\star{\hjust to 0pt{\hskip 0pt minus 100pt *}}
\def\blackslug{\hjust{\hskip 1pt \vrule width 4pt height 6pt depth 1.5pt
	\hskip 1pt}}
\def\MIX{{\:t MIX}}
\def\rA{\hjust{\rm rA}}
\def\rX{\hjust{\rm rX}}
\def\rAX{\hjust{\rm rAX}}
\def\rI{\hjust{\rm rI}}

\def\mixtwo#1{{\ninepoint\halign{\lft{\:t##}\quad⊗\lft{\:t##}\qquad
	⊗\lft{\rm##}\cr#1}}}
\def\mixthree#1{{\ninepoint{\halign{\lft{\:t##}\quad⊗\lft{\:t##}\quad⊗\lft{\:t##}
	\qquad⊗\lft{\rm##}\cr#1}}}}
\def\mixfour#1{{\ninepoint\def\\{\noalign{\penalty-200}}
	{\halign{\rt{\it\ ##}\quad⊗\lft{\:t##}\quad⊗\lft{\:t##}\quad
	⊗\lft{\:t##}\quad⊗\lft{\rm##}\cr#1\\}}}}
\def\mixfive#1{{\ninepoint\def\\{\noalign{\penalty-200}}
	{\halign{\rt{\it\ ##}\quad⊗\lft{\:t##}\quad⊗\lft{\:t##}\quad
	⊗\lft{\:t##}\quad⊗\ctr{$ ##$}\quad⊗\lft{\rm##}\cr#1\\}}}}
\def\mixans #1. #2{\def\\{\noalign{\penalty-200}}\anskip
\halign{\hjust to 19pt{##}⊗\lft{\tt##}\quad⊗\lft{\tt##}\quad⊗\lft{\tt##}\quad⊗
\lft{\rm##}\cr
{\hfill\bf #1. }#2}}

\def\understep#1{$\underline{\hjust{\sl#1}}$}